洗茶的作用是什么?
洗茶真实的作用在于浸润茶叶,让茶叶舒展开,即润茶、醒茶,茶的香气和滋味之后都会有更好的呈现。例如,紧压的熟普,存放有一定时间而带有陈味,洗洗能去掉陈气味,又舒展了紧裹的茶叶,茶香和茶味被激发,一举多得。如同早晨大家刚起床,舒展一下筋骨,伸个腰,一天的精神头也就起来了,洗茶也是这个道理。所有茶都是洗两遍吗?
其实并不是所有茶都要洗两遍,有的茶甚至没有洗的必要,具体分类情况如下:
不用洗茶的茶叶
● 绿茶:
原料嫩,工艺上又炒又揉,滋味和香气都易出来,现泡滋味醇香。
● 红茶:
发酵度高,茶叶出味出香快,可以不用洗茶。实在有洗茶习惯的,宜用60-70℃的温水洗红茶。
洗茶1次的茶叶
●白茶:
嫩度高的如白毫银针,茶毫丰富,易阻隔水与茶叶的接触,洗茶一次,有利于其出味出香。
粗老的如贡眉、寿眉,发酵度轻,又紧压成饼,滋味不易出来,可沸水洗茶一次。
●乌龙茶:
以香气著称,润茶1次可以激发茶香,让之后的香气层次更丰富。尤其是颗粒型乌龙茶,如铁观音、台湾乌龙茶,还能让茶叶更好的舒展开。
● 普洱散茶:
后发酵茶,存放时间长,带有渥堆气、陈气等,需要洗去。
洗茶2-3次的茶叶
●普洱紧压茶、黑茶:
紧压后的茶叶需洗茶2次将茶叶舒展,后续茶味可以更好浸出。如遇到存放多年的熟普、老黑茶,或老茶头,可洗3次以彻底去掉仓储的陈味。
洗茶还需要注意什么?
洗茶时,除注意茶的类别外,一般还讲究注水手法和出汤时机。注水讲求沿盖碗碗壁轻缓注水,忌高冲注水,忌水柱直接冲击茶叶。出汤讲求快速,不长时间浸泡茶叶,不闷泡茶叶,做到水快进快出,避免茶叶营养物质的流失。
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